The collection constituted by Bruno Decharme represents about 200 of the most important creators from the 19th century until now and it contains more than 2000 works.
It keeps with the general line of collections from mental hospitals, mediumistic works and works of folk art that have escaped tradition.
The collection echoes the studies and collections of several forerunners : the psychiatrists (Hans Prinzhorn), painters (Max Ernst) or writers (André Breton). It has been concerned especially with those works that have been theorized by Jean Dubuffet under the concept of art brut. This term delimits a specific creative territory that cannot be confused with the so-called cultural art, be it official or apparently marginal.